Eye Tracking for Research, Analysis, Human Interaction

LC Technologies harnesses the power of the Eyes To enhance insight into human perception and cognition, providing powerful tools to analyze how people perceive and interact with the world. From interacting with computer interfaces to analyzing a persons gaze, where the eyes go, we follow. Making certain a person’s eyes are on the right subject matter at the right time is critical to the transfer of information, or operation of an environment. With LC Technologies eye tracking it is possible to know where a subject is looking in real time accurately and precisely.

EyeTrackers

The EyeFollower empower users with a completely natural environment when conducting eye tracking studies or interactions. This system provides subjects with the largest amount of free head movement of any remote eye tracker in the world. Automatically locating, focusing and tracking the users with no time consuming adjustments or re-calibrations, this system was designed with the users in mind.

Overview
Free Movement:
LCT Gimbal technology provides users with the largest amount of free head movement.
Remote Video Tracking:
Unobtrusive with nothing attached to the user.
Superior Accuracy:
Highly accurate and tolerant to many variations,
such as pupil drift and head range movement -
typical average bias error <0.4 degrees.
Accommodates Human Eye Variations:
Operates on 90% of the people who try it, usable
with most eyeglasses and contact lenses.
High Reliability:
Robust eye image processing accommodates
very wide range of eye conditions.
Pulser Circuit:
This technological development increases tolerance
to ambient infrared light and to high-speed head motion and is now installed in all LCT Systems.

Feature List
  • 4 Camera Tracking
  • Totally free head motion (96 x 96 x 50cm)
  • less than 0.4 degree accuracy over the whole range of head movement
  • Full range binocular – tracks both eyes with two separate cameras
  • Automatic eye acquisition with face detection
  • EFT (Enhanced Focusing Technology)
  • Automatic calibration (5/9/13 points) for children and adults
  • Bright Pupil Method – No problems with make up or glasses
  • Maintains accuracy if subject tilts his head to either side
  • Real Time Eye Images for observing
  • Can be used with screens up to 35″ including 3D monitors
  • Modular design (monitor, projection screen, real world …)

Eyefollower Freedom of Movement Specifications:

Accommodating Head Range Variation:

 

EyeFollower-Eye-Tracking-System
Binocular-Monitor-180x176
Monocular-Monitor-180x175

Unmatched Head motion volume – unlimited Freedom

The accuracy of eye trackers are typically sensitive to head motion along the camera axis. As the head moves toward the camera the predicted gaze point (if uncorrected for range) moves radially away from the camera, and as the head moves backward, the predicted gaze point moves radially in toward the camera. Typically, when a person is about 24 inches from the camera, and looking at a point toward the top of the computer screen head motions of 1.0 inch along the camera Z axis result in predicted gazepoint variations of about 0.75 inches.

The LCT Analysis System uses the patented Asymmetric Aperture Method to measure variations in the range between the camera and the cornea of the eye, and it uses the range information to minimize gazepoint tracking errors resulting from longitudinal head motions.

The EyeFollower provides the largest amount of free movement of any remote eye tracker on the market without sacrificing accuracy.

What Makes us Better

Summary:
This system offers the largest level of free head motion of any remote eyetracker on the market, operates on the largest portion of the human population, while maintaining the highest level of accuracy. We also offer a free API and do not charge any yearly licencing fees.

Superior Accuracy:
To achieve high gaze point tracking accuracy, the image processing algorithms in the LCT Analysis System explicitly accommodate several sources of gaze-point tracking error. By intelligently understanding the variables of subjects eyes, such as pupil drift and orientation we are capable of tracking the users gaze down to 0.4 degrees of accuracy.

Fully Automatic Operation:
The calibration procedure is fully automatic; no assistance from another person is required. The procedure adapts to the user speed by waiting for the user to fixate clearly on each calibration point before accepting it and moving on to the next point. The procedure accommodates interruptions from the user blinking or looking away from the computer screen. The procedure simply waits for a good fixation before moving to the next calibration point.

Fast Calibration:
The procedure to calibrate the LCT Analysis System is robust yet fast and easy to perform. The calibration procedure takes approximately 10 seconds and once the user calibrates there is no reason to re-calibrate at anytime. Our systems record not only the subjects eye perimeters but also their eyes precise location in the 3D world to accommodate all geometric variables. 

Consistency Checking:

After the original pass through the calibration points, the procedure tests that the eye was properly fixated on each point by checking that each gazepoint prediction is consistent with all the other calibration points. It retakes any calibration points that are inconsistent with other points. The procedure does not accept the full calibration until the overall gaze prediction accuracy and consistency exceed desired thresholds.

Nonlinear Gaze point Tracking Equations:

The LCT Analysis System uses nonlinear equations to predict the gazepoint accurately from the measured glint-pupil vector. The nonlinear terms account for:

  • the camera axis being tilted with respect to the computer screen,
  • curved computer display screens
  • flattening of the corneal surface toward the edges.

Accommodating Pupil Diameter Variation:

With video eyetrackers, the center of the pupil is not directly measurable from the camera’s image of the eye. The pupil center is estimated by observing the edges of the pupil and calculating the center location from the edge measurements. Due to the fact that the pupil lies behind the corneal surface of the eye, however, a ray from the center of the physical pupil does not arrive precisely at the center of the pupil image. When the eye is looking away from the camera, the curved cornea refracts the rays from the various pupil edge points differently. Thus as pupil diameter varies concentrically about its true center, the edges in the pupil image move non concentrically around the true pupil center point, even if the true pupil center is stationary. If varying pupil diameter is not explicitly accommodated, gazepoint calculations can vary up to 0.5 inch as the pupil diameter varies between 3.5 and 7 mm. The LCT Analysis System has corneal refraction compensation logic to minimize gazepoint calculation errors resulting from varying pupil diameter.

Accommodating Glint Straddling Pupil Edge:

Many eyetrackers are prone to errors when the corneal reflection is near or straddles the edge of the pupil. Pupil edge measurements in the region of the corneal reflection are unreliable, and image intensity gradients from the pupil-iris boundary distort the corneal reflection image and result in imprecise measurement of the true corneal reflection location. The LCT Analysis System has sophisticated image processing software to locate the corneal reflection accurately when the corneal reflection straddles the pupil-iris boundary

High Reliability:

Reliability refers to the range of operational conditions under which the LCTAnalysis System is able to measure gazepoint data.

Robust Eye Recognition:

Rather than using simple brightness thresholding methods to detect the pupil and corneal reflection, the LCTAnalysis System uses sophisticated pattern recognition and hypothesis testing logic to detect the eye reliably in cluttered images. The system does not get confused by reflections off glasses, or by bright or dark facial features. The system cannot measure gaze direction if reflection from glasses is directly superimposed on the pupil and/or corneal reflection, but it is not confused by these spurious reflections. It simply reports that a “measurable eye” was not found.

Accommodating Human Eye Variations:

the LCTAnalysis System accommodates a wide variation in the eye image, such as pupil size and pupil and iris brightness and it accommodates to most glasses and contacts. The system typically tracks 90% of the human population.



Natural Testing Environment

The value of a natural testing environment:

Unobtrusiveness is key requirement when analyzing human behavior. LC Technologies EyeFollower systems provides users with 14 times the level of free/natural movement than any other remote eye tracker on the market today. Subjects are not required to wear any device or be constrained to a viewing “box”. Operating this system is as easy as sitting in front of the device and allowing users to behave as they normally would. Incorporate eye tracking into your testing process to get a uniquely objective insight into user decisions and physiology. An unobtrusive eye tracker does not interfere with the participant‘s natural mental processes.

The EAS Binocular is a binocular eye tracker – it measures the gaze position of both eyes with two separate cameras. It is particularly popular in research because of its low cost, reliability, and consistent accuracy and rich data output which is acquired with a high sampling rate.
Overview
Fast Calibration:
Calibrating the EAS Binocular is fast and easy to perform. The calibration procedure takes approximately 10 seconds and only need to be conducted once. the EAS Binocular system also has the capability of remembering the last subject to use the devise enabling no further calibration procedures.

Superior Accuracy:
To achieve high gazepoint tracking accuracy, the image processing algorithms obtain very high resolution images of the eyes resulting in less than 0.4 degrees of angular error from the eye.

High Reliability:
Reliability refers to the range of operational conditions under which the EAS Binocular is able to measure gazepoint data.

  • Dark and bright environments.
  • Operates on 90% of the human population!

Accommodating Human Eye Variations:
The EAS Binocular accommodates a wide variation in the eye image, such as pupil size and pupil and iris brightness and it accommodates to most glasses and contacts. The system typically tracks 90% of the human population.

Feature List
  • Binocular Remote Eye Tracking
  • High Accuracy less than 0.4 degree
  • 10 sec Fully Automated Calibration
  • Data streams of left and right eye

The EAS Monocular is a monocular eye tracker – it measures the gaze position of a single eye.It is particularly popular in research because of its low cost, reliability, and consistent accuracy and rich data output which is acquired with a high sampling rate.
Overview

Fast Calibration:

Calibrating the EAS Monocular is fast and easy to perform. The calibration procedure takes approximately 10 seconds and only need to be conducted once. the EAS Monocular system also has the capability of remembering the last subject to use the devise enabling no further calibration procedures.

 

Superior Accuracy:

To achieve high gazepoint tracking accuracy, the image processing algorithms obtain very high resolution images of the eyes resulting in less than 0.4 degrees of angular error from the eye.

 

High Reliability:

Reliability refers to the range of operational conditions under which the EAS Monocular is able to measure gazepoint data.

  • Dark and bright environments.
  • Operates on 90% of the human population!

 

Accommodating Human Eye Variations:

The EAS Monocular accommodates a wide variation in the eye image, such as pupil size and pupil and iris brightness and it accommodates to most glasses and contacts. The system typically tracks 90% of the human population.

Feature List
  • monocular Remote Eye Tracking
  • High Accuracy less than 0.4 degree
  • 15 sec Fully Automated Calibration
  • Data stream of eye

State of the Art:

Over the last 26 years our eye tracking technologies have been incorporated in the world’s most respected research laboratories and Universities.
LCTLeaderResearchAnalysis
What makes us different is our commitment to providing researchers with only the highest quality data. We do not smooth or filter any information that comes from our systems and best of all we provide you with access to this free of charge through our simple API. Our team here at LCT works side by side with our customers to make sure their research and applications are maximized.

Software

Nyan 2.0 enables you to create your eye tracking studies, observe and run sessions remotely, replay results and visualizations, and generate reports in one single solution. Our Software solutions are compatible with all our eye trackers. NYAN 2.0 is a complete eye tracking data analysis suite for easy stimulus presentation, data recording, and data analysis. Gain insight into human cognition, consumer behavior and oculomotor processes. Getting the most our of eye tracking has never been easier!

 

Eye Tracking Research and Analysis Software

What is NYAN?

From Fundamental scientific research to commercial studies, the NYAN 2.0 analysis suite is an unprecedented tool for the whole life cycle of an eye tracking study. Its intuitive workflow makes it easy to manage a wide variety of studies in a controlled and flexible way. It guides you through planning your experiment setting, recording the data and using sophisticated analysis tools for graphical and numerical analysis.

Studies can be customized and ordered in a variety of ways, making almost any design ready to use within minutes. With its synchronicity and detailed analysis functions, NYAN 2.0 allows scientific researchers to study basic visual perception, reading, infant behavior, and human cognition. Everything on the screen including images, video and raw data can be exported. NYAN 2.0 allows for analyzing still images, interactive media such as web sites, dynamic Web2.0 content, print and online advertising, and TV programs. Both scientific researchers and service providers can use its advanced analysis tools to discover and study visual attention, reading behavior, and psychological and physiological possesses.

Gaze-Time Plots

Independent gaze information and pupil diameter


Gaze-Time Plot with pupil diameter

Gaze time plot with scanpath


Create Dynamic Areas of Interest

The ability to create moving areas of interest opens up new possibilities for the quantitative analysis of dynamic content such as movies and animated interfaces.

Software Integration
Are you using TechSmith Morae™, MatLab, or Presentation  to conduct your study? If so, eye tracking can now be easily integrated into your workflow! NYAN 2.0 takes care of operating the eye tracker silently in the background. You can monitor the gaze position in real time with any connected plugin.
Video Demonstrations

We are able to insert Areas of Interest into our studies at anytime. This enables us to highlight regions or specific locations to analyze how often and for what period of time subjects viewed these areas.

 

 

Web Analysis
Web 2.0 allows us to not only view accurately where subjects are looking but also the path that subjects take as they complete tasks. NYAN takes into consideration dynamic elements within web pages providing us the ability to distinguish variation of different pop up menus or changing advertisements. Below are a few examples of our Web 2.0 application.

Web Navigation Path

Dynamic Web Page Analysis

Additional Data

Gaze-Time Plot 

demonstrates the coordinates of a subjects gaze location as it relates to time. We are able to view both eyes independently on the X, Y, and Z axis, as well as pupil diameter.

Data exports include

Gaze Time, Gaze points X, Y and Z Coordinates (Pixels), Pupil Size, Eye Motion State, Stimulus ID, Subject ID,  Local Time in Ms, Start Time, End Time, Fixation Duration, Fixation X and Y, Pre and Post Saccade Amplitude, Mouse Events, Areas of Interest (AOI), Video File Start and End Time, Section Frame, Event Type, Site ID, Parent and Previous Site ID, and MORE.
For more information please visit Interactive-Minds.com

Developers – OPEN API

An open invitation from Dixon Cleveland, Chief Developer
Great eye tracking technology is hard to find. Some solutions look attractive, yet offer little in the way of accurate tracking output. While much can be said about using algorithms to derive eye gaze data, only true eye following systems can generate highly accurate results. We are an engineering firm that builds products that are open and support the independent development of new applications. Our promise includes:

  • Perpetual licensing – Our API grants developers a perpetual license – no costly annual renewals
  • No trapped data – All our eye tracking solutions provide data directly to the developer

We invite you to use our eye tracking platform to create solutions to new and challenging problems in science, humanities and gaze interactions. Our Software Development Kit is available for FREE and provided on a perpetual license basis.

For more information Click here